Sigmoid

Essential AI Math Excel Blueprints

\(\sigma(z) = \frac{1}{1 + e^{-z}} \)

Sigmoid turns a raw numeric score (z) into a smooth value between 0 and 1, which can be interpreted as a probability. This makes the output easy to read as a degree of belief or confidence, where values close to 1 indicate a high probability and values close to 0 indicate a low probability. Scores near 0 are mapped to about 0.5, reflecting uncertainty rather than a hard decision.

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