AI by Hand ✍️

The research publication of By Hand Research, founded by Prof. Tom Yeh.

By Hand Research studies model interpretability and explainability at the math and algorithm level. AI by Hand ✍️ is where we publish that research in a format for a broader audience.

Subscribers receive free new articles and join live seminars. Members get access to our full research library.

Library

Seminar Series

• 🔥 OpenClaw - 12 Stages of Evolution from the Transformer (2/19/2026)

• 🔥 Transformer - Six Levels of Understanding (2/12/2026)

• Meta Superintelligence Labs vs Facebook AI Research (2/5/2026)

• 9 AI Eval Formulas (1/29/2026)

• Google Ironwood TPU: From Bits to HBM (1/22/2026)

• How AWS Uses Small Models Learn Tool Use (1/15/2026)

• Attention (1/15/2026)

• DeepSeek’s Manifold-Constrained Hyper Connection (mHC) (1/8/2026)

• Introduction to Generative AI (1/8/2026)

• Gated Attention (NeurIPS 2025 Best Paper) (12/16/2025)

• [Free Preview] Agent Hallucination (11/7/2025)

• [Free Preview] GPU (10/30/2025)

• [Free Preview] Scaling LLMs Google (8/20/2025)

• [Free Preview] LLaMA 1 to 2 to 3 to 4 (5/14/2025)

• [Free Preview] Drawing DeepSeek by Hand ✍️ (2/20/2025)

Course: Introduction to Agentic AI

New 2026 edition, featuring live calculations and sample code built directly in Excel.

• Module 1: Foundation

• Module 2: LLM to RAG to Agents

• Module 3: Vector Database

• Module 4: Tool Use

Interactive Diagrams: Attention

Interactive Diagrams: Fine-Tuning

Drawings: Frontier AI

Live Calculators: Activation Functions

Excel Blueprints: Frontier AI

• DeepSeek Attention (DSA)

• Einsum: Outer Product to GQA

• DeepSeek OCR

• ResNet, ViT, Qwen 3 Attention

• RLHF PPO

• Sharding

• [Free Preview] LinearLayer+LoRA Blueprint: PyTorch, BLAS, CUDA

Excel Blueprints: Essential AI Math

1. Softmax

2. Sigmoid

3. Negative Log-Likelihood

4. Double Sum

5. ReLU

6. Leaky ReLU

7. [Free Preview] Sinusoidal Positional Encoding

8. Batch Normalization

9. Layer Normalization

10. RMS Normalization

11. Cross Entropy Loss

12. L2 Norm

13. L2 Loss

14. Binary Cross Entropy Loss

15. KL Divergence

16. ELU (Exponential Linear Unit)

17. Swish (Sigmoid Linear Unit, SiLU)

18. GELU (Gaussian Error Linear Unit)

19. Tanh

20. GLU (Gated Liner Unit)

21. Entropy

22. SwiGLU

Workbook: Matrix Multiplication

1. Calculate

2. Complexity

3. Shape

4. Identity

5. Scale

6. Shift

7. Combine Rows

8. Combine Columns

9. Not Commutative

10. Associative

11. Distributive

12. Chain

13. Transpose

14. Inverse

15. Linear Equations

16. Tiled Algorithm

💡 Pro tip: Get reimbursed

AI by Hand membership is designed for professionals working in industry. Most members don't pay out of pocket. Their companies cover it. The membership fits naturally within your professional development budget, and it costs less than a single traditional training course. Just ask.

📧 Template email to your manager/HR:

Hi [Manager’s Name],

I’d like to join AI by Hand ($29/month), the research publication of By Hand Research founded by Prof. Tom Yeh.

Many leading AI companies already sponsor their teams because it’s the only place that systematically connects foundational math and algorithms to frontier architectures and grounds it in actual interpretability research. The material maps directly to the AI models we use in practice, making it immediately relevant to my current projects.

Can we expense this under our training / professional development budget?

Thanks!